"Euskaraz hitz egiten dute ikasgelan... Baina ez jolastokian"
EiTB Dataren analisiak baieztatu du euskal hezkuntza-sistemak D eredua finkatu duela aukera nagusi gisa, baina beste datu bat eman du argitara: ikasleek ez dute euskara hein berean erabiltzen eskola-inguruetan eta jolastoki eta espazio informaletan.
EITB Data txostenak nabarmendu duenez, D eredua da nagusi Euskadin, haur hezkuntzatik batxilergora bitarteko matrikulazioen % 70 baino gehiagorekin. A ereduarekiko desplazamendua etengabea izan da 2003tik (orduan A eredua %32 zen, eta gaur egun, berriz, %12). Nafarroan, aldiz, egoera oso bestelakoa da: ikasleen % 64 G ereduan matrikulatzen da (euskara ikasgai gisa ere ez duena sartzen) eta %24 eskas D ereduan.
Familia atzerritarrak hezkuntza-sisteman sartzeak erronka planteatzen du. Euskadin, atzerritarren % 70 inguru A ereduan matrikulatzen da, eta % 15ek bakarrik aukeratzen du D eredua. Azterlanaren arabera, alde hori hizkuntzaren aldez aurreko ezjakintasunarekin eta hizkuntza-ereduetan adierazten diren eskola-segregazioko dinamikekin lotuta dago.
Ikasgeletan euskararen ezagutzak gora egin duen arren, berdinen arteko erabilerak joera kezkagarria erakusten du: ikasleek gaztelania lehenesten dute ikaskideen arteko harremanetan, bai ikasgelan, bai jolastokian. Egoera horietan, euskararen erabilerak atzera egiten du, familiak D ereduaren alde egiten duen apustu handiarekin kontrastean dagoen fenomenoa.
Matrikulazioen bilakaera hizkuntza-ereduaren arabera
Familia-ingurunean, datuak argiak dira: bi gurasoak euskaldunak direnean, seme-alaben % 85ek euskara lehen hizkuntza gisa eskuratzen dute, baina gurasoetako batek hizkuntza menperatzen ez badu, seme-alaben hizkuntza nagusia gaztelania da. Horrek indartu egiten du hezkuntza-sistemaren eragina euskara eremu pribatutik haratago transmititzea bermatzeko erabakigarria delako ideia.
Seme-alaben lehen hizkuntza gurasoen hizkuntza-gaitasunaren arabera
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